“国际贸易术语解释通则”的定义
国际商会（ICC）发布的贸易术语，通常用于国际和国内贸易合同。国际贸易术语解释通则是“国际商业术语”的缩写，通过帮助不同国家的贸易商相互理解，使国际贸易更加容易。国际贸易术语解释通则最早于1936年制定，并不时更新，以符合当前的贸易惯例。由于这些更新，合同应规定其使用的《国际贸易术语解释通则》版本（例如，《2010年国际贸易术语》）。
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INCOTERMS®2010 |
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Rules for any mode or modes of transport |
Rules for sea and inland waterway transport |
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EXW |
FCA |
CPT |
CIP |
DAT |
DAP |
DDP |
FAS |
FOB |
CFR |
CIF |
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Ex Works |
Free |
Carriage |
Carriage & |
Delivered at |
Delivered |
Delivered |
Free |
Free on |
Cost & |
Cost, |
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Insurance |
Alongside |
Insurance |
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Carrier |
Paid To |
Terminal |
at Place |
Duty Paid |
Board |
Freight |
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Paid To |
Ship |
& Freight |
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SERVICES |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
Who Pays |
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Export Packing |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
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Marking & Labeling |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
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Block and Brace |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
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Export Clearance (License, |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
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EEI/AES) |
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Freight Forwarder |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
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Documentation Fees |
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Inland Freight to Main Carrier |
Buyer |
2 |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
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Origin Terminal Charges |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
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Vessel Loading Charges |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
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Ocean Freight / Air Freight |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
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Nominate Export Forwarder |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Seller |
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Marine Insurance |
3 |
3 |
3 |
Seller |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
Seller |
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Unload Main Carrier Charges |
Buyer |
Buyer |
4 |
4 |
Seller |
Seller |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
4 |
4 |
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Destination Terminal Charges |
Buyer |
Buyer |
4 |
4 |
4 |
Seller |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
4 |
4 |
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Nominate On-Carrier |
Buyer |
Buyer |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
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Security Information |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
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Requirements |
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Customs Broker Clearance |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
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Fees |
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Duty, Customs Fees, Taxes |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
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Delivery to Buyer Destination |
Buyer |
Buyer |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
Seller |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
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Delivering Carrier Unloading |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
Buyer |
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Notes:
1 – Incoterms® 2010 do not deal with the parties’ obligations for
stowage within a container and therefore, where relevant, the parties
should deal with this in the sales contract.
2 – FCA Seller’s Facility – Buyer pays inland freight; other FCA
qualifiers. Seller arranges and loads pre-carriage carrier and pays
inland freight to the “F” delivery place
3 – Incoterms® 2010 does not obligate the buyer nor must the seller to
insure the goods, therefore this issue be addressed elsewhere in the
sales contract.
4 – Charges paid by Buyer or Seller depending on contract of carriage.
5 – Charges paid by Seller if through Bill of Lading or door-to-door rate to Buyer’s destination
INCOTERMS® IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF THE INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT INTENDED AS LEGAL ADVICE BUT IS BEING PROVIDED FOR REFERENCE PURPOSES ONLY. USERS SHOULD SEEK SPECIFIC GUIDANCE FROM INCOTERMS® 2010 AVAILABLE THROUGH THE INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AT WWW.ICCBOOKS.COM